英美文學(xué)?？济~解釋（4）

　　【摘要】英美文學(xué)名詞解釋第四部分為大家送上，突然發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的英語學(xué)習(xí)斷節(jié)了。英語真的是靠積累積累積累。那就和大家一起學(xué)習(xí)吧！

　　?61.Kenning (隱喻語)

　　A figurative, usually compound expression used in place of a name or noun, especially in Old English and Old Norse poetry. for example, storm of swords is a kenning for battle.

　　隱喻語：尤指古英語和古斯堪的納維亞語詩中，一種比喻性的，在表名字或名詞時(shí)常用的復(fù)合表達(dá)方式，如“劍的風(fēng)暴” 是 “戰(zhàn)爭” 的隱喻語

　　?62. Lyric (抒情詩)

　　A poem, usually a short one, that expresses a speaker's personal thoughts or feelings.

　　抒情詩：一種用來抒發(fā)作者感情或思想的短詩。

　　?63. Masque (假面劇)

　　A dramatic entertainment, usually performed by masked players representing mythological or allegorical figures, that was popular in England in the 16th and early 17th centuries.

　　假面?。阂环N戲劇性娛樂，由代表神話或寓言中人物的佩戴面具者表演，該娛樂形式在16世紀(jì)和17世紀(jì)早期的英國很流行.

　　?64. Melodrama (情節(jié)劇)

　　A drama that has stereotyped characters, exaggerated emotions, and a conflict that pits an all-good hero or heroine against an all-evil villain.

　　?65. Metaphor (隱喻)

　　A figure of speech in which a word or phrase that ordinarily designates one thing is used to designate another, thus making an implicit comparison.

　　隱喻：一種語言表達(dá)手法，通常用指某物的詞或詞組來指代他物，從而暗示它們之間的相似之處.

　　?66.Metaphysical Poetry (玄學(xué)派詩歌)

　　The poems of 17th-century English poets, whose verse is characterized by an intellectually challenging style and extended metaphors comparing very dissimilar things.

　　玄學(xué)派詩歌：17世紀(jì)英國詩人的詩歌，這種詩歌的特點(diǎn)是風(fēng)格極具智慧，引人深思，善用引申的暗喻來對比極其不同的事物.

　　?67. Meter (格律)

　　A generally regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in poetry.

　　格律：詩歌中通常的重讀音節(jié)和非重讀音節(jié)的排列模式。

　　?68. Metonymy (轉(zhuǎn)喻)

　　A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another with which it is closely associated.

　　轉(zhuǎn)喻：一種一個(gè)詞或詞組被另一個(gè)與之有緊密聯(lián)系的詞或詞組替換的修辭方法.

　　?69. Mock epic (諷刺史詩)

　　A comic literary from that treats a trivial subject in the grand, heroic style of the epic.

　　諷刺史詩：一種用史詩的宏大風(fēng)格來描寫微不足道的事情的喜劇形式。

　　?70. Motif (主旨)

　　A recurrent thematic element in an artistic or literary work.

　　主題：藝術(shù)品或文學(xué)作品中反復(fù)體現(xiàn)的、揭示主題的部分。

　　?71. Motivation (動(dòng)機(jī))

　　The reasons, either stated or implied, for a character‘s behavior.

　　動(dòng)機(jī): 引發(fā)作品中人物行為的理由。

　　?72. Myth (神話)

　　A story, often about immortals and sometimes connected with religious rituals, that is intended to give meaning to the mysteries of the world.

　　神話：一種解釋世界上的神秘現(xiàn)象的關(guān)于神靈或同宗教儀式有聯(lián)系的故事。

　　?73. Narrative Poem (敘事詩)

　　Narrative poetry is a form of poetry that tells a story, often making use of the voices of a narrator and characters as well; the entire story is usually written in metered verse. Narrative poems do not have to follow rhythmic patterns.

　　?74. Narrator (敘述者)

　　One who narrates or tells a story.

　　敘述者：講述或敘述一個(gè)故事的人。

　　?75. Naturalism (自然主義)

　　The practice of describing precisely the actual circumstances of human life in literature, it is the extreme form of realism.

　　自然主義：在文學(xué)中精確地描述人類現(xiàn)實(shí)環(huán)境的實(shí)踐,現(xiàn)實(shí)主義的最高表現(xiàn)形式。

　　?76. Neoclassicism (新古典主義)

　　A revival in literature in the late 17th and 18th centuries, characterized by a regard for the classical ideals of reason, form, and restraint styles.

　　新古典主義：17、18世紀(jì)晚期的文學(xué)復(fù)興，以尊重古代典型的推理形式和嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)文體為特征

　　?77. Novel (小說)

　　A book length fictional prose narrative, having many characters and often a complex plot.

　　小說：虛構(gòu)的敘述性文章，有一定長度，較多的人物，和思想復(fù)雜的情節(jié)。

　　?78. Octave (八行詩)

　　An eight-line poem or stanza.

　　?79. Ode (頌)

　　A complex and often lengthy lyric poem, written in a dignified formal style on some lofty or serious subject.

　　頌：一種復(fù)雜的，具有一定長度的詩歌，通常以高貴的風(fēng)格寫成，用來表述一些高尚或嚴(yán)肅的主題。

　　?80. Onomatopoeia (擬聲)

　　The formation or use of words by imitating the sounds associated with the objects or actions they refer to.

　　擬聲：通過模仿事物或行動(dòng)的聲音構(gòu)詞的方法。

　　（我是實(shí)習(xí)小編夏至：路雖遠(yuǎn)，行則至；事雖難，做必成。）