英美文學(xué)?？济~解釋（3）

　　【摘要】英美文學(xué)名詞解釋（3）給大家奉上，前幾篇看的怎么樣了呢？好好鞏固喲！文學(xué)類的知識(shí)需要理解記憶和重復(fù)記憶，加油啦！

　　?41. Epiphany(頓悟)

　　A moment of illumination, usually occurrs at or near the end of a work.

　　頓悟:對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)真諦的頓悟或洞察,通常出現(xiàn)在作品的結(jié)尾.

　　?42. Epitaph(墓志銘)

　　An inscription on a tombstone or in a short poem in memory of someone who has been dead.

　　墓志銘：刻于墓碑上用以懷念死者的碑銘.

　　?43. Epithet (表述詞語(yǔ))

　　A term used to characterize a person or thing。

　　表述詞語(yǔ)：用來(lái)表示某人某物特性的一個(gè)表達(dá)。

　　?44. Essay (散文)

　　A short literary composition on a single subject, usually presenting the personal view of the author.

　　散文：內(nèi)容通常論及一個(gè)主題的短小文章，通常表達(dá)作者個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)

　　?45. Exemplum (說(shuō)教故事)

　　A tale, usually inserted into the text of a sermon, that illustrates a moral principle.

　　說(shuō)教故事:一種短小的體現(xiàn)某種道德原則的故事性文章，通常出現(xiàn)在布道文中。

　　?46. Fable (寓言)

　　A brief story that is told to present a moral, or practical lesson.

　　寓言：一種體現(xiàn)某種道德觀念或?qū)嵱脙r(jià)值的說(shuō)教性文章。

　　?47. Farce (輕喜劇)

　　A kind of comedy based on a ridiculous situation, often with stereotyped characters.

　　輕喜劇: 一種以可笑的情節(jié)的為基礎(chǔ)的喜劇，通常包含固定的角色。

　　?48. Figurative Language (象征性語(yǔ)言)

　　Language that is not intended to be interpreted in a literal sense.

　　象征性語(yǔ)言：不能直接用字面意義來(lái)理解的語(yǔ)言。

　　?49. Figure of Speech (比喻)

　　A word or an expression that is not meant to be interpreted in literal sense.

　　比喻：不能直接按照字面意義理解的詞語(yǔ)或表述方法。

　　?50. Flashback(倒敘)

　　A literary device in which an earlier event is inserted into a narrative.

　　倒敘，閃回鏡頭：一種文學(xué)或電影的表現(xiàn)手法，往往在一段按正常時(shí)間順序記敘的敘事中插入一件以前發(fā)生過(guò)的事情

　　?51. Foil (陪襯)

　　A character who sets off another character by contrast.

　　陪襯：用來(lái)反襯其他人物的人物。

　　?52. Foreshadowing (鋪墊)

　　The use of hints or clues in a narrative to suggest what will happen later.

　　鋪墊：用來(lái)預(yù)示將要發(fā)生的事情的線索或暗示。

　　?53. Free verse (自由詩(shī)體)

　　Verses that has neither a metrical pattern or an regular pattern.

　　自由詩(shī)體:既不具格式韻律又不具常規(guī)格律的詩(shī)體。

　　?54. hyperbole (夸張法)

　　A figure of speech in which exaggeration is used for emphasis or effect

　　夸張法：一種比喻，使用夸張來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)或產(chǎn)生某種效果。

　　?55. Iambic pentameter (五步抑揚(yáng)格)

　　A poetic line consisting of five verse feet, with each foot an iamb--that is, an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable.

　　五步抑揚(yáng)格:一種詩(shī)句形式，每行詩(shī)句包含五個(gè)抑揚(yáng)格音步。

　　?56. Imagery(意象)

　　Words or phrases that create pictures, or images, in readers‘ mind.

　　意象：用來(lái)在讀者的思維中喚起某種圖示或形象的詞匯。

　　?57. Incremental repetition (遞進(jìn)重復(fù))

　　The repetition of a previous line or lines, but with a slight variation each time that advances the narrative stanza by stanza.

　　遞進(jìn)重復(fù)：詩(shī)歌中對(duì)上文中一行或幾行的重復(fù)，但每次重復(fù)都有一定的變化，而且每一節(jié)的重復(fù)中的敘述都有所強(qiáng)化。

　　?58. Inversion (倒裝句)

　　The technique of reversing, or inverting the normal word order of a sentence.

　　倒裝句：一種將句子正常的表達(dá)方法倒置的技巧。

　　?59. Invocation (開(kāi)篇禱告)

　　A call to a muse, god or spirit for inspiration at the beginning of an epic or other poem.

　　開(kāi)篇禱告：在史詩(shī)或詩(shī)歌的開(kāi)篇企求神靈給予啟示的文字。

　　?60. Irony (反語(yǔ))

　　A contrast between what is stated and what is really meant, or between what is expected to happen and what actually happened.

　　反語(yǔ)：一種建立在字面表述和真實(shí)意義上或期待產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果和真實(shí)的結(jié)果之間的對(duì)比。

　?。ㄎ沂菍?shí)習(xí)小編夏至：行動(dòng)是治愈恐懼的良藥。）