考研英語時文賞讀（134）：吃素食不一定更健康

　　Vegan and Vegetarian Diets May Increase Risk of Stroke, Experts Say

　　專家稱，純素食主義和素食主義飲食可能會增加中風(fēng)的風(fēng)險

　　Vegan and vegetarian diets are linked to a lower risk of heart disease, but may increase the risk of stroke, a new study suggests.

　　一項新的研究表明，純素食主義者和素食主義者的飲食習(xí)慣可以降低患心臟病的風(fēng)險，但同時可能會增加中風(fēng)的風(fēng)險。

　　People who follow plant-based diets have a 22% lower risk of heart disease than meat eaters, researchers from the University of Oxford found, while pescatarians have 13% reduced risk of heart disease.

　　牛津大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，素食主義者比葷食主義者患心臟病的風(fēng)險低22%，而魚素者比葷食主義者患心臟病的風(fēng)險低13％。

　　However, the study suggests vegetarians and vegans are a fifth more likely to suffer a stroke than meat eaters.

　　然而，研究表明，素食主義者和純素食主義者中風(fēng)的幾率比葷食主義者高五分之一。

　　The authors of the study, who looked at 48,188 people with no history of heart disease or stroke, suggested this heightened risk may be partly due to a lack of vitamins such as B12 or vitamin D, in the plant-based diet.

　　在對48,188名無心臟病或中風(fēng)患病史的人群進(jìn)行研究后，這項研究的作者認(rèn)為，這可能是由于素食飲食習(xí)慣中缺乏維生素B12或維生素D等維生素所導(dǎo)致的。

　　The study, which was published in the British Medical Journal (BMJ), looked at three groups of people: meat eaters (24,428 people), pescatarians (7,506 people), and vegetarians and vegans (16,254 people).

　　這項研究發(fā)表于《英國醫(yī)學(xué)雜志》(BMJ)上，研究對三組人群進(jìn)行了觀察：葷食主義者（24,428人），魚素主義者（7,506人），純素食主義者（16,254人）。

　　They were followed over a period of 18 years and their health was checked. During this time, there were 2,820 cases of ischaemic heart disease recorded – which is when your coronary arteries become narrowed by a build-up of fatty material within their walls – and 1,072 cases of stroke among the overall group.

　　研究人員對他們進(jìn)行了18年的跟蹤調(diào)查，并對他們的健康狀況進(jìn)行了檢查。在這段時間里，記錄在案的共有2,820例缺血性心臟?。ㄓ芍驹谘鼙谏系亩逊e使冠動脈變窄而引發(fā)的疾病）和1072例中風(fēng)。

　　After adjusting for factors that might influence the results, researchers found fish eaters had a 13% reduced risk of heart disease than meat eaters, while vegetarians and vegans had a 22% lower risk. This was equivalent to 10 fewer cases of ischaemic heart disease in vegetarians and vegans than in meat eaters per 1,000 people over 10 years.

　　在控制了可能會影響實驗結(jié)果的額外變量之后，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)魚素主義者患心臟病的風(fēng)險比葷食主義者低13%，比純素食主義低22%。這相當(dāng)于在過去的十年里，每1000人中，素食主義者和純素食主義者比葷食主義者患缺血性心臟病的人數(shù)少了10人。

　　The authors partly attributed this to lower body mass index and lower rates of high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, and diabetes with these diets.

　　作者將部分原因歸于素食主義者的食譜所帶來的更低的體重指數(shù)以及更低的患高血壓、高膽固醇和糖尿病的概率。

　　But the researchers also found vegetarians and vegans had a 20% higher rate of stroke compared to meat eaters, which is equivalent to three more cases of stroke per 1,000 people over 10 years. This was mostly due to a higher rate of haemorrhagic stroke – the type caused by bleeding in or around the brain.

　　但研究人員也發(fā)現(xiàn)，素食主義者和純素食主義者中風(fēng)的概率比葷食主義者高出20%，這相當(dāng)于10年里每1000人中，素食主義者比葷食主義者多出3個以上的中風(fēng)病例。這主要是由于腦部或周圍出血所引發(fā)的出血性中風(fēng)的發(fā)生率較高。

　　The team said the increased risk of stroke could be down to lower levels of vitamins among the vegetarians and vegans in the study, but cautioned that further investigation was needed.

　　研究小組說，中風(fēng)風(fēng)險的增加可能是由于研究中的素食主義者和純素食主義者體內(nèi)的維生素含量較低，但他們表示，這還需要進(jìn)一步的研究。

　　(全文共378個詞)

　　重難點詞匯：

　　pescatarian  n. 魚素者

　　equivalent   adj. 相等的；等價的；等效的；等量的；同意義的 n. 對等的人；當(dāng)量

　　attribute  n. 屬性；特質(zhì) vt. 歸屬；把…歸于