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考研英語時(shí)文賞讀(84):大熊貓究竟是食草動(dòng)物嗎?

  摘要:考研英語作為一門考研公共課,雖然大家都學(xué)了英語十幾年,卻仍經(jīng)常有總分過線掛在英語上的情況,因此英語復(fù)習(xí)不單單是單詞、做題。閱讀作為考研英語的大頭,僅僅做考研真題或許沒法滿足你的閱讀量,因此幫幫之后會(huì)不定時(shí)推出一篇英文美文,這些文章都與考研英語閱讀同源,多讀必有好處。

  Study Panda’s bamboo diet appears deceptively carnivorous

  研究發(fā)現(xiàn),熊貓的竹子飲食似乎是食肉性的

  Despite feeding almost exclusively on bamboo, the nutrients that giant pandasconsume and absorb most closely resembles that of carnivores, a joint Chinese-Australian study revealed on Friday.

  上周五公布的一項(xiàng)中澳聯(lián)合研究顯示,盡管大熊貓幾乎完全以竹子為食,但大熊貓消耗和吸收的營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)與食肉動(dòng)物最為相似。

  The study by the University of Sydney (UoS) and Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) showed that 50 percent of the pandas’ energy intake comes from protein, a similar figure to wolves and feral cats.

  這項(xiàng)由悉尼大學(xué)和中國(guó)科學(xué)院共同進(jìn)行的研究表明,熊貓攝入的能量中有50%來自蛋白質(zhì),這一數(shù)字與狼和野貓相似。

  To achieve their findings, researchers employed an approach called nutritional geometry which considers how nutrients and dietary components mix, rather than focussing only on one nutrient in isolation.

  為了證明他們的發(fā)現(xiàn),研究人員采用了一種叫做營(yíng)養(yǎng)幾何的方法,這種方法考慮了營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分和飲食成分是如何混合的,而不是單獨(dú)關(guān)注一種營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分。

  This study demonstrates the importance of considering both foods and nutrients in understanding the evolutionary ecology of animals, exactly what nutritional geometry is designed to do, UoS’s Prof David Raubenheimer explained.

  悉尼大學(xué)的大衛(wèi)·勞本海默教授解釋說:“這項(xiàng)研究表明,在理解動(dòng)物進(jìn)化生態(tài)學(xué)的過程中,同時(shí)考慮食物和營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的重要性,而這正是營(yíng)養(yǎng)幾何學(xué)的目的所在。”

  The findings help to show how giant pandas evolved from their carnivorous ancestors to the bamboo-munching vegans of today. It can also explain why pandas have a strange mix of herbivore and carnivore traits, Raubenheimer said.

  這一發(fā)現(xiàn)有助于揭示大熊貓是如何從食肉的祖先進(jìn)化到今天吃竹子的純素食主義者的。羅本海默說道,這也可以解釋為什么熊貓有一種食草動(dòng)物和食肉動(dòng)物的奇特的混合特征。

  Over time giant pandas have developed a skull, jawbone and teeth, ideally adapted to chew on fibrous plant materials, as well as a "pseudo-thumb" with which to grip stems while they eat.

  隨著時(shí)間的推移,大熊貓已經(jīng)進(jìn)化出了最適合咀嚼纖維狀植物材料的頭骨、頜骨和牙齒,以及一個(gè)“假拇指”,當(dāng)它們吃東西的時(shí)候可以用它來抓住植物的莖。

  However, their digestive tract, digestive enzymes, and gut microbes resemble that of carnivores and not herbivores.

  然而,它們的消化道、消化酶和腸道微生物與食肉動(dòng)物相似,而非食草動(dòng)物。

  Based on what they eat, giant pandas absolutely belong to the herbivores, but considering the macronutrient composition of the ingested and absorbed diets, they could also belong to the carnivores, co-author Fuwen Wei from CAS said.

  中科院的合著者韋福文說道,從它們吃的東西來看,大熊貓絕對(duì)屬于食草動(dòng)物,但考慮到攝入和吸收的食物中所含的大量營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分,它們也可能屬于食肉動(dòng)物。

  (全文共248個(gè)詞,China Daily )

  ?重難點(diǎn)詞匯:

  deceptively  adv. 看似;不像看上去那么;比實(shí)際更顯得

  carnivorous  adj. 食肉的;肉食性的

  vegan  n. 嚴(yán)格的素食主義者 adj. 嚴(yán)守素食主義的

  herbivore  n. 食草動(dòng)物

  fibrous  adj. 纖維的,纖維性的;纖維狀的

  digestive  adj. 消化的;助消化的 n. 助消化藥

  absolutely  adv. 絕對(duì)地;完全地

  composition  n. 作文,作曲,作品;構(gòu)成;合成物;成分

  ingest  vt. 攝取;咽下;吸收;接待

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