2016考研英語強(qiáng)化階段閱讀解題技巧之細(xì)節(jié)推理題

　　各位考生，暑假來臨，考研復(fù)習(xí)進(jìn)入了重要的攻堅(jiān)階段--強(qiáng)化階段。如果大家基礎(chǔ)階段一直堅(jiān)持復(fù)習(xí)，那么強(qiáng)化階段就要注重閱讀技巧的總結(jié)和練習(xí)。能夠針對(duì)考研英語閱讀的各種題型：細(xì)節(jié)題、推理題、詞義題、例證題、主旨題、態(tài)度題總結(jié)實(shí)用的解題技巧，提升自己的正確率。而在所有閱讀題型中，推理題是占第二大比例的題。根據(jù)萬學(xué)海文多年的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)推斷題分為細(xì)節(jié)推理題和段落推理題。今天我們著重講解細(xì)節(jié)推理題的解題秘訣。

　　?細(xì)節(jié)推理題解題步驟如下：

　　首先，根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞，判斷是否為細(xì)節(jié)推理題。細(xì)節(jié)推理題，顧名思義，既具有細(xì)節(jié)題的特征，也具有推理題的特征。細(xì)節(jié)題的關(guān)鍵詞為名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞。推理題關(guān)鍵詞為Paragraph5和show, infer, learn, imply等。

　　其次，迅速找到段落中心句并仔細(xì)閱讀該句。由于細(xì)節(jié)推斷題必定涉及到該段落的具體信息，而段落中心句往往是段落考察的重點(diǎn)，所以考生可以重點(diǎn)分析段落中心句。

　　最后，段落中心句和選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行精確比對(duì)，直擊答案。細(xì)節(jié)推斷題的正確答案是一般為段落中心句的同義改寫。因此，考生能否準(zhǔn)確理解段落中心句是能否做對(duì)推理題的關(guān)鍵。
 

　　?下面以2012年真題為例，為大家詳細(xì)剖析推理題解題秘訣。

　　真題：2012年Text 1

　　24. Paragraph 5 shows that our imitation of behaviors __________.

　　[A] is harmful to our networks of friends           

　　[B] will mislead behavioral studies

　　[C] occurs without our realizing it                     

　　[D]can produce negative health habits

　　There's no doubt that our peer groups exert enormous influence on our behavior. An emerging body of research shows that positive health habits-as well as negative ones-spread through networks of friends via social communication. This is a subtle form of peer pressure: we unconsciously imitate the behavior we see every day.

　　【直擊答案】根據(jù)題干our imitation of behaviors,Paragraph5, shows可知，本題為細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。本段段落中心句為最后一句（特殊標(biāo)點(diǎn)"冒號(hào)"）："This is a subtle form of peer pressure: we unconsciously imitate the behavior we see every day."（……我們下意識(shí)地模仿每天看到的行為），可以判斷選項(xiàng)C"（行為模仿）在我們沒有意識(shí)到的情況下發(fā)生"是正確答案。選項(xiàng)A"不利于我們的朋友網(wǎng)絡(luò)"，選項(xiàng)B"將誤導(dǎo)行為研究"，和選項(xiàng)D"會(huì)產(chǎn)生不良健康習(xí)慣"，并未在本段提到。

　　 

　　真題：2012年Text 3

　　32. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that credibility process requires _________.

　　[A] strict inspection                                          [B] shared efforts

　　[C] individual wisdom                               [D] persistent innovation

　　Consequently, discovery claims should be thought of as protoscience. Similar to newly staked mining claims, they are full of potential. But it takes collective scrutiny and acceptance to transform a discovery claim into a mature discovery. This is the credibility process, through which the individual researcher's me, here, now becomes the community's anyone, anywhere, anytime. Objective knowledge is the goal, not the starting point.

　　【直擊答案】根據(jù)題干credibility process requires,Paragraph 2, infer可知，本題為細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。本段段落中心句為第三句（轉(zhuǎn)折標(biāo)志詞but）："But it takes collective scrutiny and acceptance to transform a discovery claim into a mature discovery."（但是要把聲稱發(fā)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)換到真正的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)需要共同的監(jiān)察與認(rèn)可），可以判斷選項(xiàng)B"共同努力"是正確答案，collective對(duì)應(yīng)shared，efforts對(duì)應(yīng)scrutiny and acceptance。選項(xiàng)A"嚴(yán)格的檢查"，選項(xiàng)C"個(gè)人的智慧"和選項(xiàng)D"持續(xù)的創(chuàng)新"，并未在本段提到。
 

　　最后，提醒各位考生學(xué)會(huì)辨別細(xì)節(jié)推理題，并能迅速找到段落中心，而正確答案一般就是段落中心句的同義改寫。