考研英語復(fù)習(xí)指導(dǎo)：1998翻譯真題精練精講

　　摘要：考研英語經(jīng)典真題解讀，1998年英語翻譯真題精練精講，通過真題掌握解題思路及把握規(guī)律。

　　一、全真試題
　　Theywere by far，thelargest and most distant objects that scientists had ever detected: a strip ofenormous cosmic clouds some 15 billion light-years from earth.
　?。?1）But even more important，it was the farthest thatscientists had been able to look into the past，for what they were seeingwere the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion yeas ago. Thatwas just about the moment that the universe was born. What the researchersfound was at once both amazing and expected: the US National Aeronautics andSpace Administration’s Cosmic Background Explorer satellite—Cobe—had discoveredlandmark evidence that the universe did in fact begin with the primevalexplosion that has become known as the Big Bang（the theory that the universe originated in anexplosion from a single mass of energy）.
　?。?2）The existence of the giantclouds was virtually required for the Big Bang，first put forward in the1920s，tomaintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos.According to the theory，the universe burst into being as asubmicroscopic，unimaginablydense knot of pure energy that flew outward in all directions，emitting radiation as itwent，condensinginto particles and then into atoms of gas. Over billions of years，the gas was compressed bygravity into galaxies，stars，plants and eventually，even humans.
　　Cobeis designed to see just the biggest structures，but astronomers would like to see muchsmaller hot spots as well，the seeds of local objects like clusters andsuperclusters of galaxies. They shouldn’t have long to wait.（73）Astrophysicists workingwith ground-based detectors at the South Pole and balloon-borne instruments areclosing in on such structures，and may report their findings soon.
　　（74）If the small hot spots lookas expected，that will be a triumph for yet anotherscientific idea，a refinement of the Big Bang called theinflationary universe theory. Inflation says that very early on，the universe expanded insize by more than a trillionfold in much less than a second，propelled by a sort ofantigravity.（75）Odd though it sounds，cosmic inflation is ascientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementaryparticle physics，and many astrophysicists have been convincedfor the better part of a decade that it is true.

　　二、翻譯題解
　　（71）But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to looksinto the past, forwhat they were seeingwere the patterns andstructures thatexisted 15 billion years ago.
　　句子拆分：
　　拆分點(diǎn)參考：標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，從屬連詞
　　Buteven more important,// it was the farthest //that scientists had been able tolook into the past, // for what they were seeing were the patterns andstructures // that existed 15 billion years ago.
　　解析：
　　句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：主句+ for 引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句。
　　for引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句的主語為what主語從句。
　　evenmore important為整個(gè)句子的狀語
　　詞的處理：
　　evenmore important 更為重要的是（形容詞短語做狀語，較特殊）
　　thepatterns and structures （宇宙云的）形狀和結(jié)構(gòu)
　　15billion years ago 150億年前
　　技巧點(diǎn)撥：
　?。?）狀語But even more important 直接翻譯到句子最前面即可，“但更為重要的是”。
　?。?）第一個(gè)that為定語從句修飾the farthest，其中，the farthest為“the+形容詞”表示一類人、一類事物的結(jié)構(gòu)，此處需要運(yùn)用增詞法將其翻譯完整，即“最遙遠(yuǎn)的景象”；此外that定語從句需前置。
　?。?）第二個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的定語從句結(jié)構(gòu)較簡(jiǎn)單，直接前置為“（存在于）150億年前的......”。
　　完整譯文：
　　但更為重要的是，這是科學(xué)家們所能觀測(cè)到的最遙遠(yuǎn)的過去的景象，因?yàn)樗麄兛吹降氖?50億年前宇宙云的形狀和結(jié)構(gòu)。
　　（72）The existence of the giantclouds was virtually required for the Big Bang, first put forward in the1920s, to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos.
　　句子拆分：
　　拆分點(diǎn)參考：標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，分詞，動(dòng)詞不定式
　　Theexistence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang, //firstput forward in the 1920s, // to maintain its reign as the dominant explanationof the cosmos.
　　解析：
　?。?）整體結(jié)構(gòu)是：The existence... wasvirtually required for..., to maintain...
　　（2）first put forward in the1920s是過去分詞短語作插入語，為theBig Bang的定語。
　?。?）不定式短語to maintain its reign為目的狀語修飾require
　?。?）介詞短語as the dominant explanationof the cosmos做狀語修飾maintain