考研英語時文賞讀（85）：中國人的消費觀念正在轉變

　　摘要：考研英語作為一門考研公共課，雖然大家都學了英語十幾年，卻仍經常有總分過線掛在英語上的情況，因此英語復習不單單是單詞、做題。閱讀作為考研英語的大頭，僅僅做考研真題或許沒法滿足你的閱讀量，因此幫幫之后會不定時推出一篇英文美文，這些文章都與考研英語閱讀同源，多讀必有好處。

　　Why are Chinese youth ’buying now, and paying later’?

　　中國年輕人為什么轉向了“先買后付”的消費模式？

　　People aged between 18 and 29 constitute 36 percent of the borrowers of consumer finance (not including housing loans), making them the most numerous of the borrowers, according to market research on China’s consumer credit markets in 2018, released by the Academic Center for China’s Economic Practice and Thinking at Tsinghua University.

　　清華大學中國經濟思想與實踐研究院發(fā)布的《2018中國消費信貸市場研究報告》顯示，使用消費金融（不包括住房貸款）服務的用戶中，年齡在18至29歲之間的群體所占比重最高，達36%。

　　The report also notes that users aged between 30 and 39, 40 and 49 make up 30 percent and 33 percent respectively, with the last one percent being 50 years or older.

　　報告指出，年齡在30至39歲，40至49歲之間的用戶分別占30％和33％，而年齡在50歲以上的用戶僅占1%。

　　The sharp contrast between the largest group and the smallest group reflects the changes in consumption habits between different generations of Chinese people. That is to say, the older generation prefers living within their means, while the younger favors living in the moment or consuming first and paying later.

　　最大群體和最小群體的占比形成了鮮明對比，這反映了不同代際的中國消費者在消費習慣上存在差異。也就是說，老一輩人更傾向于“量入為出”地過日子，而年輕人則喜歡活在當下，超前消費。

　　Different life experiences lie behind this phenomenon. On the one hand, Chinese born in the 1960s usually hold a frugal attitude towards consumption as they’ve spent most of their life working hard, trying to save as much money as possible in case of rainy days.

　　這種現象折射出兩代人不同的生活經歷。20世紀60年代出生的中國人一般信奉節(jié)儉型消費觀，因為他們操勞了大半輩子，想盡量多存點錢以備不時之需。

　　On the other hand, Chinese youth now have better living conditions than when they were children and do not have to worry about daily necessities, so they often don’t think twice before buying what they want.

　　而對于年輕一代來說，他們現在的生活條件比小時候好很多，不用再擔心日常生活必需品不夠用，因此他們在購買自己想要的東西之前通常不會再三考慮。

　　The rapid development of the world’s most populated country since its reform and opening-up in 1978 is seeing a transition from a manufacturing-oriented society to a consumer one.

　　自1978年改革開放以來，中國這個世界上人口最多的國家正經歷著從“生產型”社會向“消費型”社會的快速發(fā)展。

　　Years of manufacturing efforts are producing more goods available for consumption. Under these conditions, it’s easy to understand why Chinese youth don’t need to worry that the things they want to buy won’t be available. On the contrary, what they do worry about is that they don’t have enough money to buy most of the things they want.

　　經過多年來的努力，中國的制造業(yè)目前可以生產更多可供消費的商品。在這種情況下，很容易理解為什么中國年輕人不必擔心他們想要購買的東西將無法獲得。恰恰相反，他們擔心的是自己沒有足夠的錢來購買想要的大部分東西。

　　Another factor driving the "buy first, pay later" trend is undoubtedly the increasingly popular and advanced online credit services in a cashless Chinese society.

　　推動“先買后付”趨勢的另一個因素無疑是，在一個無現金的中國社會日益流行和先進的在線信貸服務。

　　Besides Alipay’s Huabei, another e-commerce giant JD.com also launched its virtual credit card service Baitiao to let its users buy products on its app and websites now and pay the debt later, usually in the next month or following months if users choose to pay in installments with interest.

　　除了支付寶的花唄，另一家電商巨頭京東也推出了其虛擬信用卡服務——京東白條，用戶可以在其應用和網站上先行購買產品，下個月免息還款，也可以選擇分期付款的方式，但需支付一定的利息。

　　In response, experts are appealing to young consumers to be rational in their spending, especially those with little disposable income.

　　對此，專家呼吁年輕消費者理性消費，對于那些可支配收入較少的消費者來說更是如此。

　　(全文共402個詞，China Daily)

　　?重難點詞匯：

　　constitute  vt. 組成，構成；建立；任命

　　frugal  adj. 節(jié)儉的；樸素的；花錢少的

　　transition  n. 過渡；轉變；[分子生物] 轉換；變調

　　rational  adj. 合理的；理性的 n. 有理數

　　disposable adj. 可任意處理的；可自由使用的；用完即可丟棄的

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