考研英語美文賞讀（9）：亞馬遜人臉識別軟件鬧出大烏龍

　　摘要：考研英語作為一門考研公共課，雖然大家都學(xué)了英語十幾年，卻仍經(jīng)常有總分過線掛在英語上的情況，因此英語復(fù)習(xí)不單單是單詞、做題。閱讀作為考研英語的大頭，僅僅做考研真題或許沒法滿足你的閱讀量，因此幫幫之后會不定時(shí)推出一篇英文美文，這些文章都與考研英語閱讀同源，多讀必有好處。

　　?An Amazon facial recognition tool has wrongly identified 28 members of the US Congress as police suspects.

　　一亞馬遜的臉部識別工具錯(cuò)誤地將28名美議員識別成了警方嫌疑犯。

　　The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) compared official photos of the politicians with a database of public arrest photos.

　　美國公民自由聯(lián)盟(ACLU)將政客的官方照片與公開逮捕嫌犯照片的數(shù)據(jù)庫進(jìn)行了比較。

　　Amazon took issue with the findings，saying the system needed to be set at 95% accuracy not the 80% used by ACLU.

　　亞馬遜對調(diào)查結(jié)果表示不滿，稱該系統(tǒng)需要設(shè)置為95％的準(zhǔn)確度，而不是ACLU使用的80％。

　　But the civil rights group said it highlighted the inadequacy of facial recognition technology.

　　但民權(quán)組織表示，它凸顯了面部識別技術(shù)的不足之處。

　　"Our test reinforces that face surveillance is not safe for government use."said Jacob Snow，ACLU’s technology and civil liberties lawyer.

　　“我們的測試強(qiáng)調(diào)了政府使用面部檢測是不安全的。”ACLU的技術(shù)和公民自由律師Jacob Snow說。

　　"Face surveillance will be used to power discriminatory surveillance and policing that targets communities of colour，immigrants，and activists. Once unleashed，that damage can't be undone."

　　“面部監(jiān)視將用于推動針對有色人種，移民和激進(jìn)分子的歧視性監(jiān)視和治安。一旦釋放，這種傷害就無法撤消。”

　　In response to the test，a spokesperson for Amazon Web Services told the BBC："We remain excited about how image and video analysis can be a driver for good in the world，including in the public sector and law enforcement."

　　亞馬遜網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)的一位發(fā)言人在接受測試時(shí)對BBC表示：“我們?nèi)匀粚D像和視頻分析能永久地應(yīng)用到世界上驅(qū)動因素而感到興奮，這包括公共部門和執(zhí)法部門在內(nèi)的領(lǐng)域。”

　　"With regard to this recent test of Amazon Rekognition by the ACLU，we think that the results could probably be improved by following best practices around setting the confidence thresholds."

　　“關(guān)于ACLU最近對亞馬遜Rekognition的測試，我們認(rèn)為可以通過遵循設(shè)置置信度閾值的最佳實(shí)踐來改善結(jié)果。”

　　Rekognition is touted by Amazon as being useful for a range of things，from detecting offensive content to identifying celebrities.

　　亞馬遜宣稱Rekognition對于從檢測攻擊性內(nèi)容到識別名人等一系列事情是大有用處的。

　　It is also working with some US local law enforcement agencies to implement the system for identifying criminals.

　　它還與一些美國當(dāng)?shù)貓?zhí)法機(jī)構(gòu)合作，來實(shí)踐識別罪犯的系統(tǒng)。

　　The 80% accuracy range used by ACLU is the system’s default setting but a spokeswoman for Amazon Web Services told Reuters that，for identifying individuals， it recommended setting a threshold of 95% or higher.

　　ACLU使用的80％準(zhǔn)確度范圍是系統(tǒng)的默認(rèn)設(shè)置，但亞馬遜網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)的發(fā)言人告訴路透社，它建議在識別個(gè)人時(shí)設(shè)置成95％或更高的閾值。

　　According to ACLU，nearly 40% of the system’s false matches were for black Congress members，even though they make up only 20% of the legislature.

　　據(jù)ACLU稱，該系統(tǒng)近40％的錯(cuò)誤匹配是針對黑人國會議員的，盡管他們只占立法機(jī)構(gòu)的20％。

　　Among those being wrongly identified was civil rights leader John Lewis，who is a member of the Congressional Black Caucus.

　　被錯(cuò)誤識別的是民權(quán)領(lǐng)袖約翰·劉易斯，他是國會黑人核心小組的成員。

　　That group recently wrote to Amazon chief executive Jeff Bezos expressing concerns about the "profound negative unintended consequences" facial recognition systems could have for black people.

　　該組織最近致信亞馬遜首席執(zhí)行官杰夫·貝索斯，對面部識別系統(tǒng)可能對黑人產(chǎn)生的“深刻的負(fù)面意外后果”表示擔(dān)憂。

　　"Congress should press for a federal moratorium on the use of face surveillance until its harms，particularly to vulnerable communities，are fully considered，"said ACLU’s legislative counsel Neema Singh Guliani.

　　ACLU的立法顧問Neema Singh Guliani表示，“尤其是對于弱勢社區(qū)，國會應(yīng)該推動聯(lián)邦暫停使用人臉監(jiān)視，的危害得到充分考慮。”

　　"The public deserves a full debate about how and if face surveillance should be used."

　　“公眾應(yīng)該就如何以及是否應(yīng)該使用面部監(jiān)測進(jìn)行充分辯論。”

　　In the UK，lawyers for civil liberties group Big Brother Watch have launched a legal challenge against the use of automatic facial recognition technology by police.

　　在英國，公民自由組織Big Brother Watch的律師對警察使用自動面部識別技術(shù)提出了法律質(zhì)疑。

　　全文共412個(gè)詞。

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