情人節(jié)特刊：和英語單詞來場風花雪月

　　摘要：今天是情人節(jié)，不知道有多少考研er出門過節(jié)了呢~遺憾的是據(jù)了解，考研er中的單身狗比例比較高哦，既然不能過節(jié)，出門還怕被虐，就和單詞來一場浪漫的邂逅吧~

　　1: Romantic 浪漫的

　　We associate this word with sweetness and love, but it emerged from the conquering powers of the Roman Empire.

　　雖然我們一直把romantic這個詞與"甜蜜、愛情"相聯(lián)系，但是這個詞卻來自于羅馬帝國的強大的征服力。

　　The expansion of ancient Rome created various dialects of Latin called "romans." (These evolved into Italian, French, Spanish, and others - the Romance languages.)

　　古羅馬帝國的擴張致使了各種拉丁方言的誕生，這些方言被稱作"romans"。（現(xiàn)在這些方言演變?yōu)榱艘獯罄Z、法語、西班牙語等等羅曼語系。）

　　"Romans" were used to write popular stories involving chivalric or courtly love, and such tales became known as romances.

　　當時人們用"Romans"語言來寫包括騎士時代或宮廷式愛情故事在內的各種流行小說，而這些故事后來就被稱為romances了。

　　If we describe Rome today as a "romantic" city, we're using a word that has travelled a long way to come home.

　　如果現(xiàn)在我們用"romantic"這個詞來形容羅馬的話，那我們可是把這個詞從遠方帶回了它的故鄉(xiāng)呢。

　　2: Valentine 情人；情人節(jié)禮物

　　Christianity has more than one martyr named Valentine, and the one, true Valentine is uncertain.

　　基督教的殉教者中絕對不止一個人叫Valentine，而這個真正的Valentine究竟是誰并不確定。

　　Romantics favor the tale of the third-century Roman emperor and priest Valentine. Supposedly, Valentine had fallen in love with his jailer's daughter, and shortly before his death sent a letter to her "from your Valentine."

　　浪漫主義者們喜歡三世紀羅馬帝王與牧師Valentine的故事。據(jù)說，牧師Valentine同監(jiān)獄獄卒的女兒相愛了，在自己臨死前不久，他給了女孩一封信，上面寫著"來自你的Valentine"。

　　3: Amour 奸情

　　In 2010, a poll of linguists rated amour - the French word for "love," simple and sweet - the most romantic word in the world. In English, the word gains drama and loses innocence.

　　2010年語言學家們開展了一次投票，amour這個意為"愛情"的法語單詞被選為世界上最浪漫的單詞，因為它簡單又甜蜜?？墒堑搅擞⒄Z里，這個詞被賦予了更多戲劇感，而喪失了原本的純真。（這個詞真冤?。。?br />
　　4: Adonis 美少年

　　In Greek mythology, the beautiful young Adonis was beloved by both Persephone and Aphrodite, so Zeusdecreed the young man should divide his time and attention between the two goddesses.

　　在希臘神話中，美少年Adonis同時受到冥界王后Persephone以及愛與美的女神Aphrodite的愛慕，最后宙斯命令Adonis要分配時間和精力給兩位女神。

　　He was later killed by a wild boar - an attack that may have been arranged to avenge another of Adonis' romantic intrigues.

　　Adonis后來被一頭野豬殺死，這一次的襲擊可能是有人安排，為了替另一個與Adonis私通者報仇。

　　5: Aphrodisiac 催欲的；春藥

　　Aphrodite, Greek goddess of love (who was infatuated with Adonis) gave the Greeks the words 'aphrodisia' (heterosexual pleasure) and 'aphrodisiakos' (a gem with aphrodisiac powers).

　　從熱戀著Adonis的希臘愛神Aphrodite的名字衍生出了兩個希臘單詞：aphrodisia（性快感）和aphrodisiakos（春藥）。

　　其實aphrodisiac這個詞也不一定就是那么猥瑣的啦，比如可以這么用：

　　To me, one of the most successful attributes of an aphrodisiac meal are colors, aromas, tastes and textures that wake up the palate and challenge the mind. - Amy Reiley

　　于我而言，能激起人欲望的菜肴最成功的一些特性在于它那能挑撥味蕾、動搖思想的色香味和口感。- Amy Reiley

　　6: Infatuation 醉心

　　An infatuation, by definition, is an emotion that shouldn't be taken too seriously. The word's etymology makes the same point. It traces back to the Latin for "foolish" or "silly," as does another insulting term: fatuous.

　　從定義上來說，infatuation所表達的這種感情是不能太當真的。從詞源學來說也是如此。追究infatuation的起源會發(fā)現(xiàn)，它同另一個侮辱人的單詞fatuous（愚昧的）一樣，都是來自于拉丁語中某個表達"愚蠢，糊涂"意思的單詞。

　　究竟什么是infatuation，什么是love？有人給了這樣的形容：

　　Infatuation is like a roller coaster ride - crazy, scary and somewhat fun, while love is something more down to earth, less exhilarating, less dramatic but more real.

　　Infatuation就像坐過山車，刺激、心慌、又有些興奮；而love不像infatuation這樣漂浮，它沒那么令人振奮、沒那么扣人心弦，但卻更加現(xiàn)實。

　　7: Casanova 風流漢

　　In the 1700s, Giacomo Girolamo Casanova was a spy, a clergyman, a gambler, and apparently a man of charm. He was also a writer. His autobiographical musings about his more than 100 lovers made his name abyword for a man who loves too much.

　　在18世紀，Giacomo Girolamo Casanova是一個間諜、教士、賭徒，一個極富魅力的男人。另外他還是一個作家，他在自傳中訴說了自己與100多位戀人之間的故事，使得他的名字成為了多情男人的代號。

　　8: Unrequited 沒有回報的

　　Where there's unrequited, there's requited. So what does requite mean? To requite is to give or do something in return for something that another person has given or done.

　　有unrequited那就有requite，那么requite這個詞是什么意思呢？Requite意思是"為了回報另一人的付出而給他什么東西或為他做什么事"。

　　So 'unrequited love' suggests an imbalance: too much love paid out and too little paid back.

　　所以'unrequited love'表達了一種不平衡：付出了那么多愛卻沒得到多少回應。

　　單相思的人不少，一直這樣做沒有結果的努力也不行，所以說擺脫一段感情的辦法就是開始一段新的？

　　"... a good solution for unrequited love is, of course, new love." - Lucinda Rosenfeld

　　解決無回報之愛的好辦法毫無疑問就是開始一段新的戀愛。- Lucinda Rosenfeld

　　9: Saccharine 甜得讓人不舒服的，情感過分強烈而顯夸張的

　　Boxes of candy covered with cupids and hearts might, for some people, have a saccharine quality - both in sentiment and taste.

　　布滿丘比特畫像和心形的糖果盒對于某些人而言太過甜膩，無論是情緒上還是口感上。

　　For others, romantic and sugary excess is essential to Valentine's Day.

　　當然也有人認為，情人節(jié)就應該過分浪漫過分甜。

　　Either way, saccharine comes from saccharum, Latin for "sugar." The word dates back to the 1600s. The calorie-free sweetener saccharin (without an e) arrived a couple hundred years later.

　　不管怎樣，saccharine這個詞來源于拉丁語中的saccharum，saccharum的意思是"糖"。這個單詞可以追溯到17世紀。數(shù)百年后一種零卡路里的甜味劑saccharin誕生了。

　　10: Sweetheart 情人，愛人

　　The Greeks and Egyptians believed the heart was the center of the emotions. English speakers borrowed the idea, and sweet + heart has been a term of endearment - particularly for romantic love - since the Middle Ages.

　　希臘人和埃及人都相信，心是情感的中心。英語語言者借用了這一思想，于是從中世紀開始，sweet + heart就成為了一個表達愛意的詞，尤其是浪漫的愛情。

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